Achilles Tendonitis
What is Achilles Tendonitis?
Achilles tendonitis is a common condition characterized by inflammation or irritation of the Achilles tendon, the large tendon that connects the calf muscles to the heel bone. This condition typically causes pain and stiffness in the back of the heel or lower calf, making activities like walking, running, and climbing stairs challenging.
Causes:
• Overuse or repetitive strain on the Achilles tendon.
• Sudden increases in physical activity or intensity.
• Tight calf muscles or Achilles tendon.
• Poor footwear choices or inadequate support.
• Biomechanical factors such as flat feet or high arches.
• Age-related degeneration of the tendon.
Symptoms:
• Pain and stiffness in the back of the heel or lower calf.
• Tenderness or swelling along the Achilles tendon.
• Pain that worsens with activity and improves with rest.
• Morning stiffness or pain that eases with light activity.
• Difficulty walking or participating in physical activities.
Treatment Options:
Rest and Ice:
• Rest the affected leg and avoid activities that aggravate symptoms.
• Apply ice to the painful area for 15-20 minutes several times a day to reduce inflammation and relieve pain.
Stretching Exercises:
• Perform gentle stretching exercises for the calf muscles and Achilles tendon to improve flexibility and reduce tension.
• Examples include calf stretches, Achilles tendon stretches, and eccentric heel drops.
Orthotic Devices:
• Wear supportive shoes with good arch support and cushioning to reduce strain on the Achilles tendon.
• Consider using orthotic inserts or heel lifts to provide additional support and alignment for the foot.
Physical Therapy:
• A physical therapist can provide personalized exercises and techniques to strengthen the calf muscles, improve flexibility, and correct biomechanical issues contributing to Achilles tendonitis.
Medications:
• Over-the-counter pain relievers such as ibuprofen or naproxen may help alleviate pain and inflammation.
• Topical creams or gels containing menthol or NSAIDs may provide temporary relief.
Night Splints:
• Use night splints to keep the ankle and foot in a neutral position while sleeping, which can help reduce morning pain and stiffness.
Corticosteroid Injections:
• In some cases, corticosteroid injections may be recommended to reduce inflammation and provide short-term pain relief. However, these are usually reserved for severe or refractory cases due to potential side effects.
Prevention:
Gradually increase exercise intensity and duration to avoid overuse injuries.
Wear appropriate footwear with good cushioning and support for your foot type and activities.
Perform regular stretching exercises to maintain flexibility in the calf muscles and Achilles tendon.
Listen to your body and rest if you experience pain or discomfort.
When to Seek Medical Attention:
Conservative treatments do not improve symptoms after several weeks.
Pain is severe or interfering with daily activities.
There is swelling, redness, or warmth in the Achilles tendon area.
You have difficulty bearing weight on the affected leg.
Final Thoughts:
Achilles tendonitis can be a challenging condition, but with proper treatment and self-care, most people experience significant improvement in symptoms. It's essential to be patient and consistent with your treatment plan, and don't hesitate to seek medical attention if you have concerns or your symptoms persist.
For personalized advice and treatment recommendations, consult with a healthcare professional, such as a podiatrist or orthopedic specialist.
